American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What imaging choice is recommended for pregnant patients to prevent radiation exposure?

1. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

2. Ultrasonography

3. X-ray

4. Computed tomography (CT)

The correct answer is: Ultrasonography

Ultrasonography is the recommended imaging choice for pregnant patients primarily because it does not involve ionizing radiation, making it a safe option for both the mother and the developing fetus. Ultrasound utilizes high-frequency sound waves to create images of structures within the body and is the gold standard for imaging during pregnancy due to its effectiveness in monitoring fetal development and diagnosing various conditions without posing any risk of radiation exposure. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is also considered safe in pregnancy, especially after the first trimester, it is usually considered when ultrasound results are inconclusive, given cost, availability, and the need for specialized facilities. X-rays and computed tomography (CT) involve significant doses of radiation, which can pose potential risks to the fetus, particularly during the first trimester when organs are developing. Therefore, these modalities are generally avoided in pregnant patients unless absolutely necessary and other imaging options are inadequate.