American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

GLP-1 analogues are associated with rapid weight loss, raising concerns for which condition?

1. Diabetic nephropathy

2. Gallbladder and bile duct diseases

3. Heart failure

4. Chronic kidney disease

The correct answer is: Gallbladder and bile duct diseases

GLP-1 analogues, which are used primarily in the management of type 2 diabetes and obesity, have been noted for their effectiveness in promoting weight loss. This rapid weight loss can lead to changes in the gallbladder's normal function, particularly concerning the concentration of bile and the motility of the gallbladder. When significant weight loss occurs quickly, it can result in the saturation of bile components, increasing the risk of gallstone formation. Gallstones are a common complication in patients who undergo rapid weight reduction, either through dietary changes or pharmacological interventions like GLP-1 agonists. The risk for gallbladder and bile duct diseases is particularly notable since these conditions can arise from gallstones that may obstruct the bile ducts, cause cholecystitis, or lead to other related complications. The healthcare provider must consider this potential when prescribing GLP-1 analogues, especially for patients who may already have risk factors for gallbladder disease. Understanding the association between rapid weight loss from GLP-1 analogues and gallbladder health is crucial for monitoring and managing potential adverse effects in patients receiving this therapy.